Saturday, October 22, 2005

Alien Lore No. 34 - Majestic 12

. . .click all images and documents to enlarge. . .






The MJ-12 (standing for "Majestic Twelve") mystery became public with the 1987 publication of an alleged briefing document from ex-US President Truman to president-elect Eisenhower in November 1953. The document dealt with government knowledge about UFOs, aliens, and Top Secret projects.



The membership, or a loose board of directors, were: Dr Lloyd Berkner, Dr. Detlev Bronk, Dr Vannevar Bush, James Forrestal (who later committed suicide or was murdered), Gordon Gray, Vice Admiral Roscoe Hillenkoetter, Dr. Jerome Hunsaker, Dr. Donald Menzel, General Robert Montague, Rear Admiral Sidney Souers, General Nathan Twining and General Hoyt Vandenberg.

MJ-12 (also known as Majic-12, Majority-12, Majesty-12) is alleged to be a Top Secret research and development and intelligence operation set up by and accountable only to The President. All thirteen members had died by the time the Majestic papers became public, and none of the details could be checked out. What could be verified was the document's authenticity, and when it was found that the signature on the briefing document was identical in ratio to a 1947 memo from President Truman to Vannevar Bush, most people assumed the briefing document was bogus. In fact copies of the document released by the FBI under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), are all marked "bogus."

The creators of the late 90's television drama "Dark Skies" used Majestic as the backbone of the show, which detailed alien invervention in human affairs and history. This is probably my personal favorite TV show ever...



To this day, the MJ-12 controversy continues, with people saying that although the document was proved to be disinformation, parts of it must therefore be true. The document touched upon the Roswell crash, as well as Projects Sign, Grudge, and Blue Book, and the Kennth Arnold sighting of nine flying saucers neat Mount Rainier, all of which are believed to be true by UFO researchers.




President Jack Kennedy With Alleged Majestic Members

Ufologists are still split as to whether there actually was a Majestic 12. When Robert Lazar revealed that his work was classified as Majestic, it added weight to the opinion that there may have indeed been such an organization.




Opinions differ as to what MJ-12 could really be if it exists. Some researchers say it was a committee that evaluated UFO reports from Project Blue Book (which we know did exist, according to the Air Force). On the other hand, many Ufologists say that Majestic runs the CIA, FBI, and the world's illicit drugs markets and plan to take over the world to rule in collusion with The Greys.

The Full Text of The Majestic 12 Brfiefing Document:

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY COPY ONE OF ONE

For Information as a early warning

BREIFING DOCUMENT : OPERATION MAJESTIC 12

PREPARED FOR THE PRESIDENT-ELECT DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER: (EYES ONLY)

18 NOVEMBER, 1952

WARNING: This is a TOP SECRET - - EYES ONLY document containg copartmentalized information essential to the national security of the United States. EYES ONLY ACCESS to the material herein is strictly limited to those possessing Majestic-12 clearance level. Reproduction in any form or the taking of written or mechanically transcribed notes is strictly forbidden.

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* TOP SECRET *
EYES ONLY

*************** T52-EXEMPT (E)

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY COPY ONE OF ONE

SUBJECT:OPERATION MAJESTIC-12PRILIMINARY BRIEFING FOR PRESIDENT-ELECT EISENHOWER

DOCUMENT PREPARED 18 NOVEMBER,1952.

BRIEFING OFFICER: ADM. ROSCOE H. HILLENKOETTER (MJ-1)

*NOTE: This document has been prepared as a preliminary briefing only. It should be regarded as introductory to a full operations briefing to follow.

*********

OPERATION MAJESTIC-12 is a TOP SECRET Research and development/ Intellgence operation respnsible directly to the President of the United States. Operations of the project are carried out under control of the Majestic-12 (majic-12) Group which was established by special classified executive order of President Truman on 24 September,1947,upon recommendation by Dr. Vannevar Bush and Secretary James Forrestal. (See Attachment "A".) Members of the Majestic-12 Group were designated as follows:

Adm. Roscoe H. Hillenkoetter
Dr. Vannevar Bush
Secy. James V. Forrestal*
Gen. Nathan F. Twining
Gen. Hoyt S. Vandenberg
Dr. Detley Bronk
Dr. Jerome Hunsaker
Mr. Sidney W. Souers
Mr. Gordon Gray
Dr. Donald Menzel
Gen. Robert M. Montague
Dr. Lloyd V. Berkner

The death of Secretary Forrestal on 22 May 1949, created a vacancy which remained unfilled until 01 August 1950, upon which date Gen. Walter B. Smith was designated as permanent replacement.

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY T52-EXEMPT (E)

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY COPY ONE OF ONE

On 24 June, 1947, a civillian pilot flying over the Cascade Mountains in the State of Washington observed nine flying disc-shaped aircraft traveling in formation at a high rate of speed. Although this was not the first known sighting of such objects, it was the first to gain widespread attention in the public media. Hundreds of reports of sightings of similiar objects followed. Many of these came from highly credible military and civilian sources. These reports resulted in independent efforts by several different elements of the military to ascertain the nature and purpose of these objects in the interests of national defense. A number of witnesses were interviewed and there were several unsuccessful attempts to utilize aircraft in efforts to pursue reported discs in flight. Public reaction bordered on near hysteria at times.

In spite of these efforts, little of substance was learned about the objects until a local rancher reported that one had crashed in aremote region of New Mexico located approximately seventy-five miles northwest of Roswell Army Air Base (now Walker Field).

On 07 July, 1947, a secret operation was begun to assure recovery of the wreckage of this object for scientific study. During the course of this operation, serial reconnaisance discovered that four small human-like beings had apparently ejected from the aircraft before it exploded. These had fallen to earth about two miles east of the wreckage site. All four were dead and badly decomposed due to action by predators and exposure to the elements during the approximately one week time period which had elapsed before their discovery. A special scientific team took charge of removing these bodies for study. (See Attachment "C".) The wreckage of the craft was also removed to several different locations. (See Attachment "B".) Civillian and military witnesses in the area were debriefed and news reporters were given the effective cover story that the object had been a misguided weather research ballon.

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY T52-EXEMPT

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY COPY ONE OF ONE

A covert analytical effort organized by Gen. Twining and Dr. Rush acting on direct orders of the president, resulted in a preliminary concensus (19 September, 1947) that the disc was most likely a short range reconnaisance craft. This conclusion was based for the most part on the craft's size and the apparent lack of any identifiable provisioning. (See Attachment "D".) A similar analysis of the four dead occupants was arranged by Dr. Bronk. It was the tentative conclusion of this group (30 November, 1947) that although these creatures are human-like in appearance, the biological and evolutionary processes responsible for thei development has apparently been quite different from those observed or postulated in homo-sapiens. Dr. Bronk's team has suggested the term "Extra Terrestrial Biological Entities" (EBEs), be adopted as the standard term of reference for these creatures until such time as a more definitive designation can be agreed upon.

Since it is virtually certain that these craft do not originate in any country on earth, considerable speculation has centered around what their point of origin might be and how they got here. Mars was and remains a possibility, although some scientists, most notably Dr. Menzel, consider it more likely that we are dealing with beings from another solar system entirely.

Numerous examples of what appear to be a form of writing were found in the wreckage. Efforts to decipher these have remained largely unsuccessful. (See Attachment "E".) Equally unsuccessful have been efforts to determine the method of propulsion or the nature and method of transmission of the power source involed. Research along these lines has been complicated by the complete absence of identifiable wings,propellrs,jets, or other conventional methods of propulsion and guidance, as well as a total lack of mettallic wiring, vacuum tubes, or similiar recognizable electronic components. (See Attachment "F".) It is assumed that the propulsion unit was completely destroyed by the explosion which caused the crash.

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY T52-EXEMPT

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY COPY ONE OF ONE

A need for as much additional information as possible about these craft, their performance charateristics and their purpose led to the undertaking known as U.S. Air Force Project SIGN in December,1947. In order topreserve security, liason within the Inteeligence Division of Air Material Command whose role was to pass along certain types of information through channels. SIGN evolved into Project GRUDGE in December, 1948. The operation is currently being conducted under code name BLUE BOOK, with liason maintained through the Air Force officer who is head of the project.

On 06 December, 1950, a second object, probably of similar origin, impacted the earth at high speed in the EL Indio-Gurrero area of the Texas-Mexican border after following a long trajectory through the atmosphere. by the time a search team arrived, what remained of the object remained almost totally incinerated. Such material as could be recovered was transported to the A.E.C. facility at Sandia, New mexico, for study.

Implications for the National Security are of continuing importance in that the motives and ultimate intentions of these visitors remain completely unknown. In addition, a significant upsurge in the surveillance activity of these craft begining in May and continuing through the autumn of this year has caused considerable concern that the new developments may be imminent. It is for these reasons, as well as the obvious international and technological considerations and the ultimate need to avoid a public panic at all costs, that the Majestic-12 Group remains of the unanimous opinion that the imposition of the strictest security precautions should continue without interruption into the new administration. At the same time, contingency plan MJ-1949-04P/78 (Top-Secret - Eyes Only) should be held in continued readiness should the need to make a public announcement present itself. (See Attachment "G".)

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* TOP SECRET *
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EYES ONLY T52-EXEMPT

TOP SECRET

EYES ONLY

The White House
Washington
September 24, 1947

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE

Dear Secretary Forrestal: It continues to be my feelings that any future considerations relative to the ultimate disposition of this matter should rest solely with the Office of the President following appropriate discussions with yourself, dr. Bush and the Director of Central Intelligence .

TOP SECRET

EYES ONLY

July 14, 1954

TOP SECRET

RESTRICTED SECURITY INFORMATION

MEMORANDUM FOR GENERAL TWINING

SUBJECT: NSC/MJ-12 Special Studies Project. The President has decided that the MJ-12 SSP briefing should take place during the already scheduled White House meeting og 16 July, rather than following it as previously intended. More precise arrangements will be explained to you upon arrival.

Your concurrence in the above change of arrangements is assumed.

ROBERT CUTLER
Special Assistant to the President
---o0o---

Poem: Sonnet For Hari

It didn't matter where as long as they did.
Even the five dollar a night Glen Hotel
With twelve hours to cling on the ancient springs
Over The Embassy blue movie house.
He watched her fall asleep that rainy night
And he became a friend of the world.
Three years later, he shuffled off the bus
In NYC and threaded himself through
A surging gauntlet of hands and eyes.
He snagged her in a flying bear hug.
She steered him to the southbound IND
Into those incognito years in Brooklyn
Where they learned we don't make love, love makes us.
It didn't matter where as long as they did.
---o0o---

Friday, October 21, 2005

Congress Offers BJ To The Gun Industry & Lobby



Congress gave the gun lobby Item No. 1 on its wish list Thursday: a bill protecting the firearms industry from crime-victim lawsuits. President Bush said he will sign it. You think!?

"Our laws should punish criminals who use guns to commit crimes, not law-abiding manufacturers of lawful products," Bush said in a statement.



The House, including many Democrats, voted 283-144 to send the bill to the president. The National Rifle Association proclaimed it vital to protect the industry from being bankrupted by huge jury awards. Opponents, waging a tough battle against growing public support for the legislation, called it proof of the gun lobby's power over the Republican-controlled Congress.
---o0o---


POTUS: "There is some background noise..."


click photograph to enlarge


Between his two closest advisors, Karl Rove and Dick Cheney's staff (and possibly Dick himself) on the verge of indictment, the house Majority Leader posing for mug shots, the Senate Majority Leader Dr. Frist in hot water over shady stock transactions, massive spending in New Orleans to compensate for the administration flub, plummeting polling numbers, soaring oil prices, increasing agitation against the war, the Katrina mismanagement, a shaky choice for the Supreme Court, inflation soaring, and the national debt skyrocketing, a reporter asked The President yesterday how he is able to deal with such a full plate. President Bush replied:

"There is some background noise here, a lot of chatter, a lot of speculation and opining, but the American people expect me to do my job and I'm going to."

---o0o---

Thursday, October 20, 2005

Horsin' Around: Update On The Enumclaw Beastiality/Murder Case

Trespassing charged in horse-sex case - According to The Seattle Times, James Tait, an Enumclaw man who managed the farm where people had sex with animals (and regularly videotaped the results for the internet) and where a Seattle man died after being rogered by a horse, was charged with a misdemeanor yesterday. Why is he being charged? He used the neighbor's barn for his horse prostitution ring.

King County prosecutors say it's the heaviest charge they could some up with. Washington is one of the states that has not outlawed bestiality.

If you ever looked at our legislature, you might have some insight into just why beastiality hasn't been criminalized.


"There is no evidence of injury to the animal to support animal-cruelty charges," said Dan Satterberg, the county prosecutor's chief of staff.



A Seattle Times Photographer Takes
A Picture Of The Possible Murderer

Index To Jack's Poems In All This Is That

This corrects several errors that have crept into the index of poems in All This Is That. And it reminds you that we're not just about ranting about the president, strange paintings, and alien folklore!

Poem: Sonnet For Hari
Poem: Defensive Daydreaming
Poem: The Dream
Poem: Dogpaddling
Poem: The Prostethic Head & The Absence Of Blood
poem: Tetuan - "No Paranoia, My Friend"
Poem: The Grey Visitors & Painting: The Grey Ambassador
Poem: The Bad Movie
Poem: The Bucket
Poem: The Man In The Mirror
Poem: Liftoff
Poem: Optimism
Poem: Perspective

Poem: A Flight Of Swallows
Audioblog - Poem: The Prevaricator
Poem: Weather Report
Poem: Your Wooden Leg
Poem: The Revelations Sermon At The First Church Of The Mojo Apocalypse
Poem: Dosvidaniya, Ivan Ivanovitch
Poem: The Late Excavation (Text And Audio)
Poem: Jack Kerouac, Meet John Barleycorn
Poem: The Gideon Bible In My Nightstand
Poem: At The Acropolis
Poem: When Aliens Land, Or, The Return Of The King
Poem: The sous-chef is a sociopath]
Poem: James Wright
Poem: Falling
Poem: [Life Is Not A Hardy Novel]
Poem: Seven
Poem: Coyote Comes Home Like A Salmon
Poem: Shorts For Jerry Melin ca. about 1988
Poem: Bird Poem: Monism
Poem: The Golden Rule Poem: The Countdown
Poem: When Aliens Land, Or, The Return Of The King
Poem: AT HILLCREST CEMETARY IN KENT, WASHINGTON, I WALK BY THE GRAVE OF SAM THE GRASSEATER
Poem: Notes On Flying
Poem: Daybreak
Poem: Explosions
poem: Not Past Tense Yet
poem: the glass is not half-full
Poem: It's Getting Crowded Here
Poem: Li Po In Disgrace
Poem: The Clock
A Poem: Love Song
Poem: Bad Timing
Poem: The Killer
Poem: The Absence of Footprints
Poem: Growing Up
Poem: Gone Fishing
Poem: The M.D.s
A Poem - Acrylic
poem: The Marriage
Poem: Driving Home To Seattle, We Watch Deer Drinking from the Skookumchuck River

Wednesday, October 19, 2005

How Big Is It?::::The Really Really Really Big Numbers


Click to enlarge these 10,000 dots. If you want
to see what a million looks like, print 100 copies
of this image.


I love Robert Munafo's web site! He helps you understand the numbers, and although he is a wonky science guy, he can explain what a million is in a way a knucklehead like me might understand:



"You can just barely put 1,000,000 dots on a large piece of paper and stand at a distance such that you can perceive each individual dot as a distinct dot."


So, there is a thousand, million, billion, and trillion. The big numbers past a trillion, in rising powers of ten, are:

quadrillion
quintillion
sextillion
septillion
octillion
nonillion
decillion
undecillion
duodecillion
tredecillion
quattuordecillio
quindecillion (that's 10 to the 48th, or a one followed by 48 zeros), (or,
1,000, 000, 000, 000,000, 000,000, 000,000, 000,000, 000,000, 000,000, 000).

The highest number Munafo's table shows is a milli-millillion. That's 10 to the 3000003rd. For something closer to home, a centillion is 10 to the 600th.

The googolplex is often considered the largest named number in the world. Googol is ten to the one hundredth. Googolplex is one followed by a googol of zeroes.

Alien Lore No. 33: Gordon Cooper On Astronaut UFO Sightings

There is a fairly widespread belief that American astronauts witnessed, on more than one occasion, UFOs in space. One name often associated with these tales is that of Major Gordon Cooper, who was apparently a believer, but also tried to clear up a lot of the wacko information.

Cooper was interviewed by the magazine OMNI in March, 1980:

OMNI: What about the repeated allegations that the astronauts saw
many UFOs?


COOPER: It got so bad that there were deliberately falsified tapes of communications with the astronauts, where UFO material was simply edited in. To my knowledge, the only astronaut on any of the Mercury, Gemini, or Apollo missions who ever saw anything that might have been a UFO was Jim McDivitt, but he didn't get enough pictures to prove anything substantial. That's the only case, in spite of all the stories you hear.

OMNI: Didn't you go after some UFOs as an air force pilot in Germany in the 1950s?

COOPER: Yes, several days in a row we sighted groups of metallic, saucer-shaped vehicles at great altitudes over the base, and we tried to get close to them, but they were able to change direction faster than our fighters. I do believe UFOs exists and that the truly unexplained ones are from some other technologically advanced civilization. From my association with aircraft and spacecraft, I think I have a pretty good idea of what everyone on this planet has and their performance capabilities, and I'm sure some of the UFOs at least are not from anywhere on Earth.

OMNI: Aren't you concerned about the reaction of people who may read this?

COOPER: I've always been honest about my views on this subject. Because the astronauts have been so badly misquoted by irresponsible journalists, it's up to each of us to say what he believes in. I'm engaged in a lawsuit against people who used my name for a commercial venture, quoting me to the effect that I'm dedicated to forcing the government to tell the truth about UFOs. I never said that at all. If any UFO information is being suppressed, it's certainly not in the U.S. Air Force, because I was at a high enough level to know about it.
---o0o---

Tuesday, October 18, 2005

Painting: President Bush Jawboning

click painting to enlarge...
---o0o---

Alien Lore No. 32: The Condon Report - The Study That Killed Project Blue Book And All (Admitted) Government Research On UFOs And Alien Visitors

Earlier, I wrote about some of the early government studies and investigations into UFOs. Project Blue Book was the Air Force project charged with researching UFOs. In later chapters, I will get into the whole conspiracy angle. Many UFOlogists believe that Project Blue Book was a cover organization, fed easily debunked reports concocted by wackos. The real research, they claimed, was being done elsewhere, in total secrecy. We'll get into the stories of John Lear, Bill English, Bill Cooper, Allen Hynek, and others later.

The Air Force commissioned an analysis of Project Blue Book, and a 1,465-page document based primarily on data collected by Project Blue Book was delivered to the U.S. Air Force in November 1968 and released in January 1969.

The head of the study, Dr. Edward Condon, wrote:


"Our general conclusion is that nothing has come from the study of UFOs in the past 21 years that has added to scientific knowledge. Careful consideration of the record as it is available to us leads us to conclude that further extensive study of UFOs probably cannot be justified ... "


The Report attracted widespread criticism, from both UFOlogists and even the mainstream scientific community, which felt that the Condon study had been too quick to dismiss certain well-documented UFO cases for which there was no obvious explanation.

The American Institute for Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) had formed a subcommittee on UFOs in 1967 which, following the release of the Condon Report, issued its first public statement:


"The Committee has made a careful examination of the present state of the UFO issue and has concluded that the controversy cannot be resolved without further study in a quantitative scientific manner and that it deserves the attention of the engineering and scientific community. In December 1969, at its annual meeting in Boston, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) held a symposium, organized by a committee including Carl Sagan, Philip Morrison, and Thornton Page, to allow a more open and thorough airing of scientific views than it was felt the Condon report had achieved. "

Project Blue Book was cancelled. Some would call this a victory for Majestic 12 and other nefarious forces, dedicated to hiding the truth.
---o0o---

Monday, October 17, 2005

The Incredible Blinking President!


In the Washington Post last week, columnist Dana Milbank wrote a piece, For President Under Duress, Body Language Speaks Volumes. He analyzes The President's physical responses to various questions. His piece contains gems like these:

"The fidgeting clearly corresponded to the questioning. When Lauer asked if Bush, after a slow response to Katrina, was 'trying to get a second chance to make a good first impression,' Bush blinked 24 times in his answer. When asked why Gulf Coast residents would have to pay back funds but Iraqis would not, Bush blinked 23 times and hitched his trousers up by the belt. When the questioning turned to Miers, Bush blinked 37 times in a single answer..."

"Lauer's query about whether conservatives 'are feeling let down by you?' appeared to provoke furious jiggling of the right leg."

---o0o---

Alien Lore No. 31: The Hynek And Vallee Alien Contact Classification Systems

Jacques Vallee (best selling author, scientist, and Silicon Valley entrepeneur) believes there a compelling case for the existence of UFOs. He has also said that one of the greatest impediments to understanding UFOs are the hard-core believers. UFOlogists exhibit a high degree of territorial sniping and infighting. Vallee is often considered one of the brightest scientists who actually believes in UFOs.

Vallee worked early in his career for J. Allen Hynek, who, as you may remember, directed the Project Blue Book for the Air Force. Blue Book is often now considered as the government's program to bury all information about UFOs, under the guise of researching them...

Both of these scientists came up with systems for classifying encounters with UFOs and aliens.


The Hynek Classification System

A system developed by Dr. J. Allen Hynek which categorizes the various types of UFO sightings. The categories are as follows:

CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE FIRST KIND
A UFO in close proximity of a witness.

CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE SECOND KIND
A UFO leaves permanent or semi-permanent physical markings behind (such as burns on the ground or radiation traces).

CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE THIRD KIND
A Close Encounter of the First or Second Kind where extra terrestrials are also seen.

CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE FOURTH KIND
A UFO’s occupants abduct an individual. Abductee's experience severe reality distortion such as memory lapse, 'post abduction trauma' symptoms such as fear and anxiety.

CLOSE ENCOUNTERS OF THE FIFTH KIND
Communication occurs between a person and an extra terrestrial.


The Jacques Vallee Classification System


MA RATING
Describes the maneuvers of a UFO
MA1- A UFO has been observed which travels in an erratic trajectory. i.e. vertical drops, maneuvers
MA2- MA1 plus any physical effects caused by the UFO.
MA3- MA1 plus any entities observed on board.
MA4- Maneuvers accompanied by a sense of reality transformation for the observer.
MA5- A maneuver that results in a permanent injury or death of the witness.


FB RATING
The fly-by rating, describes the flight characteristics of the UFO

FB1- A sighting of a UFO travelling in a straight line across the sky.
FB2- FB1 accompanied by physical evidence.
FB3- A fly-by where entities are observed on board.
FB4- A fly-by where the witness experienced a transformation of reality into the object or its occupants.
FB5- A fly-by which the witness would suffer permanent injuries or even death.


CE RATING
Close Encounter rating, describes the level of contact between the witness and the UFO

CE1- UFO comes within 500 feet of the witness, but no after effects are suffered by the witness or the surrounding area.
CE2- A CE1 that leaves landing traces or injuries to the witness.
CE3- Entities have been observed on the UFO.
CE4- The witness has been abducted.
CE5- CE4 which results in permanent psychological injuries or death.


SVP RATING
Describes the credibility of the witness’s account of the UFO sighting.

A rating out of four is given for the three categories of the source’s: reliability, site visit and possible explanations. For Example:
source reliability-1, site visit-2, possible explaination-3 = 123
(A rating of 222 or higher indicates the case was reported by a reliable source)

SOURCE RELIABILITY RATING
0- Unknown or unreliable source.
1- Report attributed to a known source of unknown or uncalibrated reliability.
2- Reliable source, secondhand.
3- Reliable source, firsthand.
4- Firsthand personal interview with the witness by a source of proven reliability.

SITE VISIT RATING
0- No site visit, or answer unknown.
1- Site visited by a casual person not familiar with the phenomena.
2- Site visited by persons familiar with the phenomena.
3- Site visit by a reliable investigator with some experience.
4- Site visit by a skilled analyst.

POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS RATING
0- Data consistent with one or more natural causes.
1- Natural explanation requires only slight modification of the data.
2- Natural explanation requires major alteration of one parameter.
3- Natural explanation requires major alteration of several parameters.
4- No natural explanation possible, given the evidence.
---o0o---